Unit 18 The necklace

教学目标

知识目标
　　本单元的教学重点是继续学习疑问句的直接引语和间接引语。通过对课文学习戏剧体裁的文章，要求学生不仅能复述课文大意，还能分角色将全剧或部分表演下来。
二、教学重点与难点
　　l．重点词汇 scene; recognize; accept; continue; worth; match; after all; call on; not. . . any more; day and night; pay back; at the most
　　2．重要句型 1) I don’t know if I should tell you.
　　　　　　　　2) It was all because of your necklace.
　　　　　　　　3) I was the only person in my office who was invited.
　　　　　　　　4) On our way home that night I looked down and saw that the necklace was not around my neck any more.
　　3．语法 直接引语和间接引语 (3):
　　1) He asked her if she was pleased.
　　2) She asked him how many people were going to the ball.
　　4．日常交际用语 寻物 (Lost and found) : 1) Excuse me. I’ve lost a case. I wonder if it’s been found. 2) Can you describe the case to me. 3) Where did you last have it? 4) We asked everyone there if they had found. . . , but without luck. 5) We couldn’t find it; it was lost. 谈论过去经历 (Talking about the past experiences): 1) Where have you been all these years? 2) What happened? 3) We did have a good time. . )
能力目标
　　1． 学会把把疑问句变为间接引语。
　　2． 学会写失物招领和寻物启事。
　　3． 让学生即兴表演本剧三个场景中的任一个。
德育目标
　　通过本单元的学习，让学生了解Mathilde由于贪图一时的虚荣、结果换来十年辛劳去还债的遭遇，其行为既可怜又可悲，教育学生不要贪图虚荣。

教学建议

课文建议Lesson 69
　　1. 教师进行有关课文的提问，如：1.Do you know about the Maupassant(莫泊桑)? 2.What kind of novel do you learn about him. so on
　　2.教师放录音给学生听到一至两遍之前，问有关对话的主要内容。
　　3.教师让学生扮演本文的主人公。
　　4.教师对本文的人物进行分析和评价, 比如：Mathilde这个人是怎样的爱慕虚荣。提问学生从哪些内容来体现人物的特点等等。
　　教师对本文的语言点进行分析。同时让学生们能够对本文进行复述。
课文建议Lesson 70
　　1.教师提问故事的发生情况。
　　2.同时教师把本课文的问题列在黑板上，然后让学生听磁带。
　　3.教师对本课文的语言点进行讲解和分析。
　　4．让学生扮演角色。
课文分析
　　本单元两课课文是根据法国小说家莫泊桑的同名短篇小说改编独幕剧。故事发生在1870年，剧中有三个人物：1）玛蒂尔德（Mathilde），好虚荣的年轻妇女；2）皮埃尔（Pierre），玛蒂尔德的丈夫，政府职员；3）让娜（Jeanne），玛蒂尔德的好友。全剧有三个场景：
　　Scene 1 Mathilde met Jeanne in the park.
　　When Mathilde said hello to Jeanne in the park, Jeanne didn't think she knew her because Mathilde looked much older than she really was. Mathilde then told her that was because of ten years of hard work and also the story of her necklace.
　　Scene 2 Pierre and Mathilde were invited to a ball.
　　When Pierre came back from work that day, he told Mathilde they had been invited to a ball at the palace. Mathilde was very happy. But she told her husband that she didn't have jewellery to wear. Pierre asked if she could wear a flower instead. Mathilde refused, because she couldn't be the only woman who wasn’t wearing jewellery. Then Pierre asked her why not go and borrow some. Mathilde remembered that she had a friend called Jeanne, who had married a man with a lot of money.
　　Scene 3 They had a good time at the ball, which cost them ten years of hard work.    
　　On Friday afternoon Mathilde went to Jeanne's place to borrow some jewellery. Mathilde tried a lovely diamond necklace on and it looked wonderful on her. Pierre and Mathilde had a wonderful time at the ball. But on their way home, Mathilde found her necklace was missing. They couldn't find it. The next day they borrowed a lot of money to buy a diamond necklace and returned it to Jeanne.
词汇辨析
　　1.dress, have on, wear, put on
　　dress的宾语一定是人，表示“给某人穿衣”；表示状态时，常用be dressed in 句型。in后面跟衣服的名词。dress还有另外一个意思，作“礼服”讲，是作为装饰或外出应酬而穿的正式衣服。如evening dress晚礼服，full dress大礼服等等。dress用作可数名词，指妇女的外衣或长裙；若作不可数名词时，作“服装”解，是男女服装的总称。
　　have on表示穿着的状态，不能用于进行时。
　　wear强调穿着的状态，wear后除了跟衣服等名词外，还可跟鞋帽、领带、围巾、首饰、眼镜等名词作宾语，这时wear可译作“戴”。如果表示某一时间的穿戴，wear常用进行时。
　　put on指穿戴时的短暂动作，是不延续动词。
　　2.if与whether
　　相同点：都可以引导宾语从句，常常可以互换，表示“是否”。
　　不同点：在介词后面用whether，而不用if；引导主语从句时用whether，而不可用if；引导同位语从句时用whether，而不用if；表示“如果”时不用whether，而要用if；不定式之前只能用whether。例子如下：
　　I don’t know whether I should tell him. 我不知是否应告诉他。
　　Whether you take part in or not the result will be the same. 无论你参加与否结果将是一样。
　　It depends on whether he can solve the problem. 这取决于他能否解决这一问题。
　　3.spend, pay, cost和take
　　cost指某东西“值……钱”，“需花费……钱（精力）”，它的主语一般是物，而不是人，cost不用于被动语态。
　　spend的主语一般为人，用来表示花钱买东西：sb. spend money on sth., 还可表示花时间做某事：sb. spend time on或sb. spend time(in) doing sth.。
　　pay的主语也为人，与介词for连用，表示“花……买……”。
　　take的主语常为物或用it做形式主语，表示“做某事花去……时间”。以下几个句子均可表示“我花100元买了那件衣服”。
　　The dress cost me 100 yuan.
　　I spent 100 yuan on the dress.
　　I paid 100 yuan for the dress.
　　以下几个句子均可表示“昨晚我花了2小时做家庭作业。”
　　I spent two hours on my homework last night.
　　I spent two hours (in) doing my homework last night.
　　My homework took me two hours last night.
　　It took me two hours to do my homework last night.
　　4.true和real
　　true可作定语或表语，real一般作定语。
　　true表示“符合实际的”，real表示“真正的而不是想象的”或“现实的”。real不能用来修饰表示人的名词。true还可表示“忠实的、可靠的”。
　　It is a true/ real pearl. 这颗珍珠是真的。
　　The news was true. 那消息是真的。
　　This is a true story of real life. 这是一个从现实生活中取材的真实故事。
　　It is a story of a true man. 这是一个根据真人所编的故事。
　　He is true to his friends. 他忠于朋友。
　　5.recognize与know
　　recognize侧重辨认，认得曾见过或听过的人或事物，指再认过程。
　　know指通过交往或接触而与某人或某事熟悉，而不表示再认。例子如下：
　　I know him, so I can recognize his voice on the telephone. 我熟悉他，所以我能在电话中听出他的声音。
　　6.jewellery与jewel
　　jewellery（总称）珠宝，珠宝饰物，无复数，为不可数名词。
　　jewel指“宝石”，宝石饰物，有复数，为可数名词。例子如下：
　　She never wears jewellery. Her jewels were kept in the safe. 她从不戴首饰物。她的首饰都放在保险柜里。
　　7.pay back, pay for, pay off, pay out
　　pay back “偿还，偿付；报复”。pay本身即有“付清、付账”的意思，加back后更强调“偿还”的意思。
　　pay for“付款，偿付。”介词for表示“交换”，表示“花……买……”。
　　pay off“还清债务，付掉”。
　　pay out“付出”。例子如下：
　　It’s high time he paid you back the money he owes you.
　　How much did you pay for the recorder?
　　I’ll pay off my debt with this check.
　　They paid out $ 550 that month.
句子分析
　　1．Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a necklace of yours?你还记得十年前一个下午我到你家来借项链的事吗？
　　句中的主句是“Do you remember one afternoon ten year ago”；其后连接一个以关系副词when引导的宾语从句“when I came to your house had borrowed a necklace of yours”。对于关系副词在定语从句中的应用，可以记住三个常用短语：the place where; the time when; the reason why。例如：
　　This is the place where Zhou Enlai once lived and worked.这是周恩来来曾经居住和工作过的