九年级英语第二十三单元－教学教案

科目 英语
年级 初三
文件　middle3 unit23.doc
标题 The football match
章节 第二十三单元
关键词
内容
教学目标

3.语法
过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作;
过去完成时由 “助动词had (用于各种人称和数)+过去分词”构成.
　
教学重点与难点
1.It’s a long time since we met last!
It’s … since …句型中的It指的是时间, 可以说It has been … since …, 但习惯上常说It’s … since ….
It’s half an hour since the film began.
电影开始有半小时了.
It’s an hour since he fell asleep.
他睡着有一个小时了.
It’s three years since his father died.
他父亲去世有三年了.
It’s two months since he left home.
他离家已有两个月了.
It’s three days since he came back.
他回来已三天了.
2.journey与travel都有 “旅行”的意思, 具体用法如下:
•journey通常指 “在陆地上由某一地点到另一地点的旅行”,
也指 “旅行的路程”, 是个比较正式的用语.
Did you have a good journey?
你旅行愉快吗?
It’s a 300-mile journey.
这次旅程为300英里.
•travel泛指旅行、游历, 尤指国外旅行, 但无路程的含义.
He came home after five years of foreign travel.
他在国外旅游了5年才回家.
He is fond of travel.
他喜欢旅游.
3.be in time for sth. 来得及赶上…
You are just in time for the football match.
你刚好来得及赶上足球比赛.
I was just in time for the flight.
我刚好来得及赶上那班飞机.
　
4.team指全队时是单数, 若指队里的每一个队员则是复数;
与team用法一样的还有class, family等.
The team has already been chosen.
队伍已经被挑选好了.
Our team are wearing blue socks.
我们队的每一个队员都穿兰色的短袜.
The class has elected its head.
班里已经选出班长.
The class are very bright.
这班学生很聪明.
My family is going to move.
我家要迁居了.
His family are waiting for him.
他的家人正在等他.
5.either … or … 或者…或者…
Either do it at once or don’t do it at all.
要么马上就干, 要么干脆不干.
Does he know either English or Russian?
他懂英语还是俄语?
【注意】
1)当either … or连接并列主语时, 其谓语动词形式与邻近的主语保持一致.
Either he or I am going to help you with your English.
不是他就是我会帮助你学习英文的.
2)either … or …连接两个单数名词时用单数代词与名词呼应,
若连接两个复数名词时, 就用复数形式的代词来呼应.
Either Mary or her sister left her umbrella here.
不是玛丽就是她的姐姐把伞丢在这里了.
Either the Wangs or the Lees will sell their house.
不是王家就是李家要出售房屋.
3)either … or …如果连接的名词有单数也有复数, 要将复数形式的名词放在后面, 用复数形式的代词与其呼应.
Either Mary or her sisters will take care of their old father in hospital.
不是玛丽就是她的姐妹们来照顾她们住在医院里的老父亲.
6.either pron. (两者之中)任何一个either of + 人称代词 / 复数名词 (该复数名词前必须用一个限定词, 如物主代词、指示代词或冠词)
Either of …作主语时, 谓语动词一般用单数形式.
Either of them / the children is good at swimming.
这两个孩子都擅长于游泳.
【注意】neither of … 的用法同上.
Neither of them / the children is on the team.
他们两个都不在队里.
7.such的用法
•such作为形容词意思是 “如此的”, “这样的”, 修饰各种名词.
Have you ever seen such a foolish man?
你见过这样愚蠢的人吗?
It’s such an important match.
这场比赛是那么重要.
It’s such bad weather.
天气如此恶劣.
•such … that和so … that都可用来引出一个结果状语从句, 由于such是形容词, 所以that从句前有一个受such修饰的名词;
而so是副词, 用以修饰形容词或副词, 因此that从句前一般不出现名词.
They are such kind-hearted teachers that people in the village all respect them.
他们都是非常热心的老师, 村里的人都尊敬他们.
The exam was so difficult that many students failed to pass it.
考试很难, 许多人没及格.
【注意】
如果名词是可数名词的单数形式, 例如: It was such a hot day that … , 句子可转换成: It was so hot a day that …, 注意词序的变化.
但是如果名词是复数或不可数名词, 则不能转换. 如: They are such good comrades that … 和It was such bad weather that … 就不能转换成so … that …句型. 如要转换, 就一定要把名词用作主语. 注意以下转换方式:
She is such a lovely girl that we all like her.
= She’s so lovely a girl that we all like her.
= The girl is so lovely that we all like her.
她是个非常可爱的女孩, 我们都喜欢她.
It was such bad weather that we had to stay home.
= The weather was so bad that we had to stay home.
天气如此恶劣, 我们只好呆在家里.
8.almost的用法
•almost常与never, no, none, nothing, nobody, every, everything和
everybody连用, 当almost修饰no时相当于hardly any.
There were almost no / hardly any people at the concert.
几乎没人去听音乐会.
He has done almost nothing / hardly anything today.
今天他几乎什么也没干.
Almost everybody went to see it.
几乎所有人都去看了.
•almost有时可以修饰名词、形容词或动词, 表示 “差一点”.
Before this match we were almost top of the league.
在这场比赛前, 我们差一点就是联赛冠军.
Our cat understands everything. She’s almost human.
我们的猫什么都懂, 几乎跟人一样.
I almost think you are right.
我差一点认为你是对的.
Tom almost passed the exam.
Tom差一点及格.
I almost fell off my bike.
我几乎从自行车上摔下来.
We were almost there when our car broke down.
我们差一点要到那儿了, 突然我们的汽车出故障了.
9.top的用法
在下列例句中, top有不同的意思.
The word is on page 5, third line from the top.
这个单词爱第5页, 上面第三行.
On the top of the mountain grows a tall old tree.
山顶上长着一棵高大的古树.
He shouted at the top of his voice.
他高声大喊.
Tom sat at the top of the table.
Tom坐在台面上.
She is the top student in her class.
她是她班上成绩最好的学生.
10win和beat的不同之处.
Win的宾语一般表示比赛、竞赛、战争等的名词, beat的宾语一般是表示人的名词.
In the end we won the match / game.
最后我们赢得这场比赛的胜利.
We know it will be difficult for us to beat them.
我们知道我们将很难打败他们.
　
11.get / make sth ready准备…
I got my football clothes ready.
我把球衣准备好.
She is getting the dinner ready.
她正在准备晚餐.
12.keep on doing
※ keep on doing表示“继续不停地做某事”, “坚持不懈地做某事”,
The farmers kept on working in the fields when it began to rain.
下雨的时候, 农民们还不停地在地里劳动.
I kept on thinking about the match in the afternoon.
我老是想下午比赛的事情.
•keep doing表示 “反复地做某事”, 即多是表示重复性较强的动作.
She kept coughing all night.
她整夜咳嗽.
Keep passing the ball to each other.
相互之间注意要不停地传球.
【注意】以上两个短语在许多时候可以互换.
Edison kept (on) asking questions that were not about the texts.
Edison老是问与课文无关的问题.
Don’t keep (on) doing such foolish things.
不要老是做这样的傻事.

13.动词end
end可以用作不及物动词或及物动词, 做不及物动词用时, 相当于be over, 作及物动词用时意思接近于finish.
The Second World War ended in 1945.
第二次世界大战于1945年结束.
After the meeting ended (= was over), I had a few words with the headmaster.
会议结束后, 我与校长谈了一会儿话.
We must do something to end such a thing.
我们必须采取措施以结束这样的事情.
He ended (=finished) the letter with good wishes to the family.
在信的结尾, 他向全家问候.
　
14. against prep. (表示反对、敌对)与…相反, 与…对抗,
We were playing against No. 64 Middle School.
我们和64中学打比赛.
We must fight against the enemy.
我们必须和敌人做斗争.
This is a war against poverty.
这是一场与贫穷的搏斗.
　
15.draw n. (竞赛等的)不分胜负
The match ended in a draw.
那场比赛最后不分胜负.
It was a draw when we played against them last time.
上次和他们比赛时, 我们彼此不分胜负.
　
16.be / feel afraid of + sth. / do