Unit 24 What were they doing?－教学教案

教学目标

　　知识目标与要求

　　通过本单元教学，使学生初步学习和运用过去进行时态，描述在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作。了解这个时态陈述句式、疑问句式的构成以及与其连用的一些时间状语。上述要求，应落实在学生的口语练习和书面语练习中，学生应能独立完成练习册上有关过去进行时态各种形式的练习，正确率不低于70%。教师还可视学生情况，要求学生用第一人称改写第94课课文，并运用自己组织的语言复述课文。

　　教学重点与难点

　　1．句型：1）It’s quite a nice picture.2)I’m sorry to trouble you.3) to find it difficult to do sth. 4) Would you please not do this?

　　2．语法：学习过去进行时态（The Past continuous Tense I）

　　情感态度目标

　　通过本单元的教学使学生认识到邻里应和睦相处。在日常生活中要时时处处注意自己的行为是否规范，是否符合公共道德。不要因为自己不拘于小节而影响别人，给他人带来麻烦。万一邻里之间发生矛盾要通过协商的办法加以解决，以防发生不必要的冲突。

教学建议

　　教学内容分析

　　本单元主要围绕What were they doing?这个话题来谈论过去的活动，学习了过去进行时态的构成和基本用法及有关的一些重点词语。本单元还出现了一些近义词，通过主题我们还学了一些日常用语和重点句型。在学习课文The man upstairs的同时，我们得到了教育和启发，课文告诉我们在日常生活中要注意公共道德，不要因自己而影响他人，给别人带来不必要的麻烦。另外本单元提到和出现了时间状语从句。重点讲到了过去进行时态与时间状语的关系，初步进述了过去进行时与一般过去时的区别。

　　重难点分析

　　1. get on well with

　　（1）在本单元中的意思是“与……相处融洽”。例如：

　　How are you getting on with your English teacher?

　　I’m getting on well with him．

　　（2）也可以作“（某事）进展情况如何”的意思讲。例如：

　　My son is getting on well with his work. He feels very happy.

　　2. sound

　　（l）在本单元中作名词用，意思是“声音”。例如：

　　Light travels faster than sound. We can see light first.

　　（2）还可以作动词用，意思是“听起来……”。它是知觉性动词，后面须用形容词作表语。例如：

　　Does this sentence sound right？

　　I think it’s right.

　　3. He found it very difficult to sleep and he was rather angry with the man upstairs．

　　（1）这个句型为find + it + 形容词 + 动词不定式。句中的it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。形容词充当宾语补足语补充说明it。这样就避免了头重脚轻的现象，使句子平稳。例如：

　　I found it easy to work out the problem. I can do it by myself.

　　（2）适用于此句型的动词还有think。例如：

　　I think it very important to learn a few English words every day．

　　I agree with you.

　　交际英语分析

　　1. I am sorry to trouble you.

　　（1）Sorry表示“事后的歉意”，如失约、迟到，打扰别人或无法承诺，受到责备需要委婉地为自己辩解等，还可以表示失礼等之后的难过和后悔。I’m sorry后可接不定式、从句或与介词 for/about搭配，也可采用I’m sorry + but + 从句（but在这儿表示客气，故不译成“但是”）的句型。例如：

　　①I am sorry I’m late．

　　②I’m sorry, but I left your book in the room.

　　（2）Excuse me也可以表示“道歉”，常用于向陌生人请求帮助，请别人让路、问路、借东西。询问，打断他人发表不同意见，请求暂时离开等场合，后面要具体说明请求对方原谅的内容。例如：

　　Excuse me. Can you tell me the time? I am sorry, but I don’t have a watch．

　　（3）类似表“歉意”的句型还有：I’m afraid that…例如：I am afraid that I’m late．

　　（4）对“道歉”的答语常用的有：Never mind/ Not at all./ I doesn’t matter./ That’s nothing./Please don’t worry. / Forget it./ No problem．

　　2. Would you please not do this？

　　（1）Would you please(not)...？表示一种委婉、客气的请求别人干某事或不干某事，其答语可以是：Certainly./Yes, all right./ I’d glad to./With great pleasure./OK等表了肯定。I am sorry I can’t./ I’m afraid I can’t do it./ Certainly not．等表示否定。例如：

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　　1）Would you please help me?

　　Certainly．

　　2）Would you please not make a noise?

　　Well, of course．

　　（2）类似表示这种委婉请求的句型还有：

　　　Could you. . . ? Will you please. . . ? May I. . . ? Please. . .

　　例如：

　　①Could you carry it for me？

　　②Will you please help me？

　　③May I borrow your bike？

　　④Please wait for your turn.

教学过去进行时

　　动词的过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一时间内正在进行或发生的动作。它的结构为was（were）+ 动词 -ing。老师在讲授这一时态时不必泛泛而谈它的语法功能，而要在与现在进行时和过去式的比较中逐步理解和掌握。

　　1．呈现第93课由现在进行时入引出过去进行时，这是传统的有效方法。

　　老师用幻灯或直接在黑板上写出一些含有现在进行时的句子。例如：

　　1. The teacher is talking with some students in the classroom, now.

　　2. They are listening to music in the next room, now.

　　3. What’s Li Lei doing? He’s drawing a picture on the blackboard.

　　4. What are your parents doing? They are watching TV.

　　5. My English teacher is writing a novel these days.

　　通过这些句子复习现在进行时的结构，is（are）+ v-ing的用法。接下来用幻灯再打出如下句子：

　　1. The teacher was talking with some students in the classroom this time yesterday.

　　2. They were listening to music in the next room at ten o’clock yesterday.

　　3. What were your parents doing when your brother came back? They were watching TV.

　　4. What was Li Lei doing when the teacher came in? He was drawing a picture on the wall.

　　5. My son was learning English in Australia last autumn.

　　   告诉学生在这些句子中都含有过去进行时。老师与学生一起进行分析比较，归纳出过去进行时的结构和用法，及与现在进行时的区别。

　　还可以根据实际情况如下问答：

　　T: What are you doing now?

　　S: I am / We are having an English lesson.

　　T: What were you doing at this time yesterday?

　　S: I was / We were having a Chinese lesson.

　　把前两句写在黑板上，然后改变谓语动词等部分成为后两句，使学生对时态的变化有较深刻的印象。一旦学生理解了这两个时态的不同概念，便可开始操练。让学生把现在进行时变为过去进行时。

　　接下去作问答操练。What were you / was he / … doing at this time yesterday? I / He / She was having…We / They were having…Were you / they having…?Was he / she having …?并用肯定或否定的答语回答。这样操练的目的是训练语言的准确性。

　　在教学中，要向学生说明：过去进行时常常与过去某一特定时间的状语连用，如本单元所列举的last night, last Saturday, at ten o’clock yesterday morning, at noon yesterday, 还有at that time, (at ) this time yesterday等。但是，有些过去时行时的句子不带时间状语，而是由上下文暗示，例如文中的He was feeling very tired. He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door. 从上下文可看出时间状语是the next evening.

　　2．利用图片或动作表演进行教学

　　教师展示给学生一些事情正在发生的图片，让学生描述图片中的人或物那时正在干什么？比如给下面的图片让学生描述：

　　T: What was the man doing last night?

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　　He was cooking. I think he is a cook.

　　What was the boy doing yesterday?

　　He was playing computer games. I think he is interested in computer.

　　教师可让一组学生来做动作，然后用另一组学生他们刚才正在干什么？

　　What were th